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Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges

Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 315-320 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0146-6

摘要： Research and evidence are critical for the formulation of policies and practices in support of health care. In the past two decades, the Chinese Clinical Epidemiology Network has been promoting evidence-based policy making in China. Evidence-based policy has become a major part of the government’s approach to policy making. The current article addresses the translation of evidence into health policies based on the expansion of evidence-based medicine in China. It also discusses the opportunities and challenges for certain evidence to be considered in policy making and practice in the future.

关键词： clinical epidemiology     evidence-based decision making     policy    

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Advances in COVID-19: the virus, the pathogenesis, and evidence-based control and therapeutic strategies

Guangbiao Zhou, Saijuan Chen, Zhu Chen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 117-125 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0773-x

摘要： Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in early December 2019, 81 174 confirmed cases and 3242 deaths have been reported in China as of March 19, 2020. The Chinese people and government have contributed huge efforts to combat this disease, resulting in significant improvement of the situation, with 58 new cases (34 were imported cases) and 11 new deaths reported on March 19, 2020. However, as of March 19, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to develop in 167 countries/territories outside of China, and 128 665 confirmed cases and 5536 deaths have been reported, with 16 498 new cases and 817 new deaths occurring in last 24 hours. Therefore, the world should work together to fight against this pandemic. Here, we review the recent advances in COVID-19, including the insights in the virus, the responses of the host cells, the cytokine release syndrome, and the therapeutic approaches to inhibit the virus and alleviate the cytokine storm. By sharing knowledge and deepening our understanding of the virus and the disease pathogenesis, we believe that the community can efficiently develop effective vaccines and drugs, and the mankind will eventually win this battle against this pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19     SARS-CoV-2     pathogenesis     evidence-based medicine     control and therapeutic strategies    

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practice of accelerating transformation of traditional Chinese medicine from experience medicine to evidence-based

Baoyan Liu, Yanhong Zhang, Jingqing Hu, Liyun He, Xuezhong Zhou

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 163-170 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0143-9

摘要： The gradual development of Chinese medicine is based on constant accumulation and summary of experience in clinical practice, but without the benefit of undergoing the experimental medicine stage. Although Chinese medicine has formed a systematic and unique theory system through thousands of years, with the development of evidence-based medicine, the bondage of the research methods of experience medicine to Chinese medicine is appearing. The rapid transition and transformation from experience medicine to evidence-based medicine have become important content in the development of Chinese medicine. According to the features of Chinese medicine, we propose the research idea of “taking two ways simultaneously,” which is the study both in the ideal condition and in the real world. Analyzing and constructing the theoretical basis and methodology of clinical research in the real world, and building the stage for research technique is key to the effective clinical research of Chinese medicine. Only by gradually maturing and completing the clinical research methods of the real world could we realize “taking two ways simultaneously” and complementing each other, continuously produce scientific and reliable evidence of Chinese medicine, as well as transform and develop Chinese medicine from experience medicine to evidence-based medicine.

关键词： Chinese medicine     experience medicine     evidence-based medicine     real world    

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Exploring the methodology and application of clinical pathway in evidence-based Chinese medicine

Sicheng Wang, He Yu, Jianping Liu, Baoyan Liu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 157-162 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0128-8

摘要： At present, clinical pathway has become one of the most important health care reform measures in many countries. In this study, the authors introduced basic concepts and explored the application of the clinical pathway of evidence-based Chinese medicine incorporated with the methodology from the concepts of management, evidence-based medicine, operational research and health economics. Such concepts provide examples and experiences, on which the application of clinical pathway in Chinese medicine practice in China can be based.

关键词： evidence-based medicine     clinical pathway     methodology     concept     technical difficulty    

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传统中医药治疗类风湿性关节炎——从经验医学到循证医学 Review

潘胡丹, 肖瑶, 王婉莹, 任汝通, 梁丽娴 , 刘良

《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第5期   页码 895-906 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.018

摘要：

类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种常见的自身免疫性疾病，病因难以捉摸。常规和生物疾病缓解药物有时会失效或仅产生部分反应。中药（TCM）长期以来一直在中国用作RA的治疗方法，并在世界范围内得到越来越多的接受。传统上，中医治疗以中医辨证论治为指导。但是，它们仍然依赖于中医理论和医生进行经验实践

关键词： 中药，类风湿关节炎，循证治疗，展望    

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Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Aggregation Operator Based on Choquet Integral and Its Application toMulti-Criteria Decision-Making Problems

Xi-hua Li,Xiao-hong Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第3期   页码 266-276 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015048

摘要： The Choquet integral can serve as a useful tool to aggregate interacting criteria in an uncertain environment. In this paper, a trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operator based on the Choquet integral is proposed for multi-criteria decision-making problems. The decision information takes the form of trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and both the importance and the interaction information among decision-making criteria are considered. On the basis of the introduction of trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, its operational laws and expected value are defined. A trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operator based on the Choquet integral is then defined and some of its properties are investigated. A new multi-criteria decision-making method based on a trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy Choquet integral operator is proposed. Finally, an illustrative example is used to show the feasibility and availability of the proposed method.

关键词： multi-criteria decision making     trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers     Choquet integral     fuzzy measure     aggregation operator    

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Evolutionary Decision-Making and Planning for Autonomous Driving Based on Safe and Rational Exploration

Kang Yuan,Yanjun Huang,Shuo Yang,Zewei Zhou,Yulei Wang,Dongpu Cao,Hong Chen,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.018

摘要： Decision-making and motion planning are extremely important in autonomous driving to ensure safe driving in a real-world environment. This study proposes an online evolutionary decision-making and motion planning framework for autonomous driving based on a hybrid data- and model-driven method. First, a data-driven decision-making module based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is developed to pursue a rational driving performance as much as possible. Then, model predictive control (MPC) is employed to execute both longitudinal and lateral motion planning tasks. Multiple constraints are defined according to the vehicle’s physical limit to meet the driving task requirements. Finally, two principles of safety and rationality for the self-evolution of autonomous driving are proposed. A motion envelope is established and embedded into a rational exploration and exploitation scheme, which filters out unreasonable experiences by masking unsafe actions so as to collect high-quality training data for the DRL agent. Experiments with a high-fidelity vehicle model and MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation environment are conducted, and the results show that the proposed online-evolution framework is able to generate safer, more rational, and more efficient driving action in a real-world environment.

关键词： Autonomous driving     Decision-making     Motion planning     Deep reinforcement learning     Model predictive control    

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A multi-attribute decision making approach of mix design based on experimental soil characterization

Amit K. BERA, Tanmoy MUKHOPADHYAY, Ponnada J. MOHAN, Tushar K. DEY

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 361-371 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0425-7

摘要：

The clay mineral composition is one of the major factors that governs the physical properties of silty sand subgrade. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of mineral composition is essential to predict the optimum engineering properties of the soil, which is generally characterized by different indices like maximum dry density (MDD), California bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and free swelling index (FSI). In this article, a novel multi-attribute decision making (MADM) based approach of mix design has been proposed for silty sand – artificial clay mix to improve the characteristic strength of a soil subgrade. Experimental investigation has been carried out in this study to illustrate the proposed approach of selecting appropriate proportion for the soil mix to optimize all the above mentioned engineering properties simultaneously. The results show that a mix proportion containing approximately 90% silty sand plus 10% bentonite soil is the optimal combination in context to the present study. The proposed methodology for optimal decision making to choose appropriate combination of bentonite and silty sand is general in nature and therefore, it can be extended to other problems of selecting mineral compositions.

关键词： silty sand     bentonite soil     soil mix design     multi-attribute decision making    

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An overview on the applications of the hesitant fuzzy sets in group decision-making: Theory, support

Zeshui XU, Shen ZHANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第2期   页码 163-182 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0017-4

摘要： Due to the characteristics of hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs), one hesitant fuzzy element (HFE), which is the basic component of HFSs, can express the evaluation values of multiple decision makers (DMs) on the same alternative under a certain attribute. Thus, the HFS has its unique advantages in group decision making (GDM). Based on which, many scholars have conducted in-depth research on the applications of HFSs in GDM. We have viewed lots of relevant literature and divided the existing studies into three categories: theory, support and methods. In this paper, we elaborate on hesitant fuzzy GDM from these three aspects. The first aspect is mainly about the introduction of HFSs, HFPRs and some hesitant fuzzy aggregation operators. The second aspect describes the consensus process under hesitant fuzzy environment, which is an important support for a complete decision-making process. In the third aspect, we introduce seven hesitant fuzzy GDM approaches, which can be applied in GDM under different decision-making conditions. Finally, we summarize the research status of hesitant fuzzy GDM and put forward some directions of future research.

关键词： hesitant fuzzy set     hesitant fuzzy preference relation     group decision-making    

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基于候选方案排序的进化决策方法

荔建琦,陈火旺,王兵山

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第1期   页码 62-70

摘要：

由于无法得到准确的期望效用函数，在信息不完全和结果不确定的环境下作出决策是困难的。提出基于候选方案排序的进化决策方法。通常通过分析得出一组与候选方案期望效用相关的指标，设计决策规则归结为寻找二者之间的相关关系。如果将所有候选方案按其对效用有影响的指标分为n类，并利用进化算法在n!空间中搜索全部方案的期望效用排序，则根据此排序作出最佳决策。提出针对排序问题的遗传算法。该方法较少依赖专家知识，无须显式地构造期望效用函数，能有效处理非数值或非量化指标以及指标冲突和指标相关等问题，在带随机噪声环境下仍能获得稳健解。在仿真机器人控制器设计中的应用表明了该方法的有效性。

关键词： 进化决策     进化机器人     排序问题遗传算法    

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Timing decision-making method of engine blades for predecisional remanufacturing based on reliability

Le CHEN, Xianlin WANG, Hua ZHANG, Xugang ZHANG, Binbin DAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第4期   页码 412-421 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0551-0

摘要： A timing decision-making method for predecisional remanufacturing is presented. The method can effectively solve the uncertainty problem of remanufacturing blanks. From the perspective of reliability, this study analyzes the timing decision-making interval for predecisional remanufacturing of mechanical products during the service period and constructs an optimal timing model based on energy consumption and cost. The mapping relationships between time and energy consumption are predicted by using the characteristic values of performance degradation of products combined with the least squares support vector regression algorithm. Application of game theory reveals that when the energy consumption and cost are comprehensively optimal, this moment is the best time for predecisional remanufacturing. Used engine blades are utilized as an example to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： predecisional remanufacturing     reliability     least squares support vector regression (LS-SVR)     game theory    

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Practice and principle of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1040-8

摘要： Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China. The integration of Chinese and Western medicine is an important feature of Chinese COVID-19 prevention and treatment. According to a series of evidence-based studies, TCM can reduce the infection rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in high-risk groups. For patients with mild and moderate forms of COVID-19, TCM can relieve the related signs and symptoms, shorten the period of nucleic-acid negative conversion, and reduce conversion rate to the severe form of the disease. For COVID-19 patients with severe and critical illnesses, TCM can improve inflammatory indicators and blood oxygen saturation, shorten the hospital stay, and reduce the mortality rate. During recovery, TCM can improve patients’ symptoms, promote organ function recovery, boost the quality of patients’ life, and reduce the nucleic-acid repositive conversion rate. A series of mechanism research studies revealed that capability of TCM to treat COVID-19 through antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, immune regulation, and protection of organ function via a multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway approach.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine     COVID-19     SARS-CoV-2     clinical evidence-based study     mechanism     integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine    

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Clinical decision-making by the emergency department resident physicians for critically ill patients

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 89-93 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0183-9

摘要：

The application of main methodologies for clinical decision-making by residents in emergency medical practice was assessed, and issues in this area were investigated. The treatments provided to 2 611 critical patients by the Peking Union Medical College Hospital of were analyzed by independent investigators who evaluated the main clinical decision-making processes applied by the hospital residents. The application of decision-making strategies by PG1 and PG3 groups, which means the residents in first year and the third year, were compared. The patients were treated according to pattern recognition (43.0%), hypothetico-deductive reasoning (23.4%), event-driven models (19.3%), and rule-using algorithms (5.9%). A significant difference was found between PG1 and PG3 groups (χ2=498.01, P<0.001). Pattern recognition and hypothetic-deductive methods were the most common techniques applied by emergency physicians in evaluating critically ill patients. The decision-making processes applied by junior and senior residents were significantly different, although neither group adequately applied rule-using algorithms. Inclusion of clinical decision-making in medical curricula is needed to improve decision-making in critical care.

关键词： clinical decision-making     emergency medicine     critically ill patient     resident     methodology    

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Toward Trustworthy Decision-Making for Autonomous Vehicles: A Robust Reinforcement Learning Approach

Xiangkun He,Wenhui Huang,Chen Lv,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.005

摘要： While autonomous vehicles are vital components of intelligent transportation systems, ensuring the trustworthiness of decision-making remains a substantial challenge in realizing autonomous driving. Therefore, we present a novel robust reinforcement learning approach with safety guarantees to attain trustworthy decision-making for autonomous vehicles. The proposed technique ensures decision trustworthiness in terms of policy robustness and collision safety. Specifically, an adversary model is learned online to simulate the worst-case uncertainty by approximating the optimal adversarial perturbations on the observed states and environmental dynamics. In addition, an adversarial robust actor-critic algorithm is developed to enable the agent to learn robust policies against perturbations in observations and dynamics. Moreover, we devise a safety mask to guarantee the collision safety of the autonomous driving agent during both the training and testing processes using an interpretable knowledge model known as the Responsibility-Sensitive Safety model. Finally, the proposed approach is evaluated through both simulations and experiments. These results indicate that the autonomous driving agent can make trustworthy decisions and drastically reduce the number of collisions through robust safety policies.

关键词： Autonomous vehicle     Decision-making     Reinforcement learning     Adversarial attack     Safety guarantee    

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一类灰色模糊决策问题的熵权分析方法

罗党,刘思峰

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第10期   页码 48-51

摘要：

以灰色系统理论和模糊数学为基础，探讨了不确定型决策问题的特性，分析了一些相关成果中所给方法在直接处理灰色模糊数方面的优势与不足。运用优化理论和熵极大化准则，建立了基于灰色模糊关系的多属性群体决策方法，分别对属性权重向量已知和未知两种情况给出了简便实用的算法，通过算例说明了算法的合理性。

关键词： 灰色模糊关系     熵     多属性决策    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges

Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin

期刊论文

Advances in COVID-19: the virus, the pathogenesis, and evidence-based control and therapeutic strategies

Guangbiao Zhou, Saijuan Chen, Zhu Chen

期刊论文

practice of accelerating transformation of traditional Chinese medicine from experience medicine to evidence-based

Baoyan Liu, Yanhong Zhang, Jingqing Hu, Liyun He, Xuezhong Zhou

期刊论文

Exploring the methodology and application of clinical pathway in evidence-based Chinese medicine

Sicheng Wang, He Yu, Jianping Liu, Baoyan Liu

期刊论文

传统中医药治疗类风湿性关节炎——从经验医学到循证医学

潘胡丹, 肖瑶, 王婉莹, 任汝通, 梁丽娴 , 刘良

期刊论文

Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Aggregation Operator Based on Choquet Integral and Its Application toMulti-Criteria Decision-Making Problems

Xi-hua Li,Xiao-hong Chen

期刊论文

Evolutionary Decision-Making and Planning for Autonomous Driving Based on Safe and Rational Exploration

Kang Yuan,Yanjun Huang,Shuo Yang,Zewei Zhou,Yulei Wang,Dongpu Cao,Hong Chen,

期刊论文

A multi-attribute decision making approach of mix design based on experimental soil characterization

Amit K. BERA, Tanmoy MUKHOPADHYAY, Ponnada J. MOHAN, Tushar K. DEY

期刊论文

An overview on the applications of the hesitant fuzzy sets in group decision-making: Theory, support

Zeshui XU, Shen ZHANG

期刊论文

基于候选方案排序的进化决策方法

荔建琦,陈火旺,王兵山

期刊论文

Timing decision-making method of engine blades for predecisional remanufacturing based on reliability

Le CHEN, Xianlin WANG, Hua ZHANG, Xugang ZHANG, Binbin DAN

期刊论文

Practice and principle of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

期刊论文

Clinical decision-making by the emergency department resident physicians for critically ill patients

null

期刊论文

Toward Trustworthy Decision-Making for Autonomous Vehicles: A Robust Reinforcement Learning Approach

Xiangkun He,Wenhui Huang,Chen Lv,

期刊论文

一类灰色模糊决策问题的熵权分析方法

罗党,刘思峰

期刊论文